Aging Issues of Lithium - Polymer Batteries

　　Lithium - polymer batteries, like all rechargeable batteries, are subject to aging over time. Aging is a complex process that involves multiple physical and chemical changes within the battery, ultimately leading to a degradation of its performance.

　　One of the primary causes of aging is the formation of a solid - electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer on the surface of the negative electrode. During the charging and discharging cycles, lithium ions move between the positive and negative electrodes through the electrolyte. As the battery operates, some of the electrolyte decomposes on the surface of the negative electrode, forming an SEI layer. Over time, this layer thickens, increasing the resistance between the electrode and the electrolyte. This increased resistance leads to a reduction in the battery's ability to charge and discharge efficiently, resulting in a decrease in capacity.

　　Another factor contributing to aging is the growth of lithium dendrites. During charging, if the lithium ions are deposited unevenly on the negative electrode, dendrites can form. These dendrites can penetrate the separator between the positive and negative electrodes, causing internal short - circuits. Once an internal short - circuit occurs, the battery's performance deteriorates rapidly, and in severe cases, it can pose a safety risk.

　　The number of charge - discharge cycles also has a significant impact on aging. With each cycle, the battery undergoes mechanical stress as the electrodes expand and contract during the insertion and extraction of lithium ions. This mechanical stress can cause the electrodes to crack and the active material to detach from the electrode surface, further reducing the battery's capacity. Additionally, environmental factors such as temperature and humidity can accelerate the aging process. High temperatures can speed up the chemical reactions that lead to aging, while high humidity can cause corrosion of the battery components. To extend the lifespan of lithium - polymer batteries, proper charging and discharging methods should be used, and the battery should be operated within the recommended temperature and humidity ranges.

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