Self - Discharge Rate of Hydride Energy Storage Batteries

　　The self - discharge rate is an important characteristic of hydride energy storage batteries. Self - discharge refers to the loss of stored charge in a battery when it is not in use. Ni - MH batteries have a relatively higher self - discharge rate compared to some other rechargeable battery types.

　　Typically, Ni - MH batteries can self - discharge at a rate of about 10 - 30% per month. This relatively high self - discharge rate is mainly due to the chemical reactions that occur within the battery even when it is not connected to an external circuit. The metal hydride electrode in Ni - MH batteries can react with the oxygen in the air (even inside the sealed battery) and the electrolyte over time, causing a slow release of stored energy.

　　The self - discharge rate of Ni - MH batteries is also affected by temperature. Higher temperatures can accelerate the self - discharge process. For example, if a Ni - MH battery is stored at a high - temperature environment, the chemical reactions that cause self - discharge will occur more rapidly, leading to a faster loss of charge. On the other hand, storing the battery at low temperatures can slow down the self - discharge rate, but it may also affect the battery's overall performance when it is later used.

　　The relatively high self - discharge rate of Ni - MH batteries means that they need to be recharged more frequently if they are to be used after a period of storage. In applications where long - term standby power is required, this self - discharge characteristic may limit the use of Ni - MH batteries. However, in applications where the batteries are used regularly and can be recharged frequently, such as in some consumer electronics, the impact of the self - discharge rate can be mitigated.

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