Temperature Sensitivity of Lithium - Polymer Batteries

　　Lithium - polymer batteries are highly sensitive to temperature changes, and temperature can have a profound impact on their performance, safety, and lifespan.

　　At low temperatures, the performance of lithium - polymer batteries degrades significantly. The electrolyte in the battery becomes more viscous at low temperatures, which reduces the mobility of lithium ions. As a result, the battery's internal resistance increases, and the rate of charge and discharge slows down. The battery may not be able to deliver its rated capacity at low temperatures, and in extreme cases, it may even be unable to charge or discharge at all. For example, in cold winter conditions, the running time of a device powered by a lithium - polymer battery may be much shorter than normal.

　　On the other hand, high temperatures also pose problems for lithium - polymer batteries. At high temperatures, the chemical reactions within the battery occur more rapidly. This can lead to an increase in the self - discharge rate, as mentioned earlier. Moreover, high temperatures can accelerate the aging process. The growth of the SEI layer and the formation of lithium dendrites are more likely to occur at high temperatures, reducing the battery's lifespan. In addition, high temperatures can also pose a safety risk. If the temperature inside the battery exceeds a certain limit, it can cause thermal runaway, where the battery heats up uncontrollably, leading to potential fire or explosion.

　　To address the temperature sensitivity of lithium - polymer batteries, thermal management systems are often employed. These systems can include heat sinks, fans, or cooling fluids to maintain the battery at an optimal operating temperature. In some applications, such as electric vehicles, sophisticated thermal management systems are used to ensure the battery's performance and safety under a wide range of ambient temperatures.

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