Troubleshooting of Nickel - Cadmium Storage Batteries

　　When dealing with Ni - Cd storage battery problems, several common issues and their solutions can be identified.

　　If the battery has a significantly reduced capacity, one possible cause could be the memory effect. As mentioned earlier, repeated partial discharges can lead to this problem. To fix it, perform a deep discharge - recharge cycle. Discharge the battery to the recommended depth of discharge (around 80 - 90% of its capacity) and then charge it fully. Repeat this process a few times to help "reset" the battery's memory. However, if the capacity reduction persists, it may indicate a more serious problem, such as internal short - circuits or electrode degradation.

　　Internal short - circuits can cause the battery to discharge rapidly even when not in use. This can be detected by measuring the battery's self - discharge rate. If the self - discharge rate is much higher than normal, an internal short - circuit may be present. In such cases, the battery is usually beyond repair and needs to be replaced. To prevent internal short - circuits, avoid subjecting the battery to mechanical stress, such as dropping or squeezing, as this can damage the internal structure and cause the electrodes to come into contact with each other.

　　Another common issue is overheating during charging or discharging. Overheating can be caused by excessive discharge current, overcharging, or poor ventilation. Check the discharge and charging currents to ensure they are within the recommended limits. If the battery is overheating during charging, it may be due to a faulty charger. Replace the charger with a compatible one. Additionally, ensure that the battery is placed in a well - ventilated area to allow heat dissipation. If the overheating problem persists, the battery may have internal damage and should be inspected by a professional or replaced.

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