Compressed air energy storage is the use of the remaining electricity
generated during low load periods in the power system. The air compressor is
driven by an electric motor to compress the air into a sealed, large capacity
underground hole that serves as a gas storage chamber. When the system lacks
power generation, the compressed air is mixed with oil or natural gas through a
heat exchanger for combustion, and then introduced into a gas turbine for power
generation. There are many discussions abroad and the technology is mature. In
China, the preliminary stage was slightly later, and it seems that Academician
Lu Qiang has conducted more discussions in this area.
Compressed air storage also has peak shaving function and is suitable for
large-scale wind farms, because the mechanical function of wind energy
generation can directly drive the compressor to rotate, reducing the
intermediate conversion to electricity and then advancing power.
Disadvantage: One major drawback is the lower power. The factor is that
when the air is compressed, the temperature will increase, and during the
process of air release and expansion, the temperature will decrease. During the
process of tightening the air, some energy is lost through thermal energy and
must be heated from the beginning before it expands. Natural gas is generally
used as a heat source for heating air, which leads to a decrease in energy
storage power. Another possible deficiency is the need for large-scale gas
storage equipment, certain geological conditions, and reliance on burning fossil
fuels.
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