Lithium iron phosphate battery, also known as lithium iron phosphate
lithium-ion battery, has a positive electrode material of lithium iron phosphate
and a negative electrode material of graphite.
The working principle of a battery is that lithium ions are released and
embedded at the positive and negative electrodes through the electrolyte and
polymer separator, achieving charging and discharging functions.
In terms of raw materials, for lithium iron phosphate batteries, the main
positive electrode materials are phosphorus, iron, lithium, etc.
The content of iron in the crust is 4.75%, ranking fourth, while the
content of lithium in the crust is 0.0065%. The global proven lithium (lithium
carbonate) reserves are 128 million tons, with a resource of 349 million tons;
The content of phosphorus in the crust is 0.12%.
The raw materials of lithium iron phosphate batteries are abundant in
nature, and compared to lithium batteries containing precious metals such as
cobalt, their prices are lower and their cost advantages are obvious.
Lithium iron phosphate batteries have high safety, long lifespan, large
capacity, light weight, no memory effect, excellent high-temperature
performance, and are environmentally friendly.
In terms of high safety. In energy storage lithium-ion batteries, the
positive electrode material is crucial and can directly affect the core
performance of the battery, such as safety and energy density, thereby
restricting the overall performance of the battery.
The positive electrode material of lithium iron phosphate batteries is
olivine crystal structure, with stable and firm P-O bonds, and a decomposition
temperature of 600 ℃, which has high safety. In contrast, the safety of lithium
iron phosphate batteries is also relatively high, which is one of the core
factors for their widespread application in the field of energy storage.
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