Gerbrand Ceder, a battery researcher at Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, believes that iron or manganese can be used instead of cobalt and
nickel currently used in lithium-ion batteries due to factors such as price and
scarcity. In this way, in addition to reducing costs, it can also eliminate the
problems of monopolistic industries caused by metal scarcity and the lack of
guarantee in the automotive battery supply chain. Gebland expects this
technology to be launched within five to six years.
Solid state batteries
Solid state battery technology is another technology that may enter the
market within five years. This type of battery does not use more flammable
liquid electrolytes, but is developed based on a solid, non flammable material.
The safety advantage of solid-state batteries helps to reduce costs, as it
eliminates the need to design additional protection systems within the battery.
The benefit of reducing additional systems is that it reduces the weight of the
battery itself, leaves more space for energy storage components, and helps
improve the battery's endurance (it should be noted that modern lithium-ion
batteries can ensure safety to a certain extent with appropriate design).
Multivalent battery technology is considered a promising energy storage
technology, and Berkeley Laboratories states that:
This technology does not use "unit price" lithium ions, but instead uses
materials with more charged ions, such as magnesium, calcium, or aluminum.
Therefore, this so-called "multivalent battery" may be smaller in size and more
powerful in performance than lithium-ion batteries. But it may take about 10
years for multi valent batteries to become market-oriented products and reach a
level comparable to existing electric vehicle batteries.
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