Which is better, vanadium battery or lithium battery?solar power station portable

　　1. Safety: The reason why vanadium batteries have gained fame for a while lies in their safety. From 2011 to April 2022, there were a total of 34 incidents of energy storage plant explosions worldwide, of which 32 were all lithium batteries, and 1 was lead-acid battery and sodium sulfur battery;

　　2. Cycle life: Lithium batteries have a short cycle life, with a maximum of about 6000 cycles of lithium iron phosphate used for energy storage. However, vanadium batteries have a long lifespan, with a maximum of 10000 to 20000 cycles;

　　3. Energy density: Vanadium batteries have a low energy density of only 12-40Wh/kg, mainly limited by the solubility of vanadium ions and the design of the battery stack. And lithium batteries are generally 80-300Wh/kg, so in order to achieve the same storage capacity, vanadium batteries undoubtedly have a much larger volume, which is 3-5 times that of lithium batteries;

　　4. In terms of energy: Vanadium batteries require pumps to maintain the flow of electrolyte during operation, resulting in energy loss and low energy conversion efficiency. The efficiency of vanadium battery systems is 70% -75% of that of lithium batteries;

　　5. Usage cost: The initial installation cost is high, twice that of lithium batteries. The total investment cost of the project is concentrated in 3.8-6.0 yuan/Wh, but it can be reduced after scaling up. If calculated from the full life cycle, based on a cycle life of 12000 times, the cost of vanadium batteries is 0.72 yuan/KWh, which is lower than the cost of lithium energy storage of 0.80 yuan/KWh. Due to the fact that vanadium only undergoes valence changes in the electrolyte, it can be fully recovered. Considering the recycling issue, the full life cycle cost of vanadium batteries is only 0.48 yuan/KWh;

　　6. Energy security: Lithium mines are mainly distributed in countries and regions such as South America and Australia, with China's reserves accounting for only 7%, indicating an energy crisis. As of the end of 2021, China's vanadium resource reserves were the world's largest, accounting for about 39%, and production accounted for 68% of the world's total.

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