Nickel - cadmium (Ni - Cd) storage batteries are widely used in various applications due to their relatively high energy density and good charge - discharge cycle performance. Proper storage methods are essential to maintain their performance and lifespan.

　　Temperature Control: Ni - Cd batteries should be stored in a temperature - controlled environment. The ideal storage temperature range is typically between 5°C and 25°C. At lower temperatures, the chemical reactions within the battery slow down, which can lead to a decrease in battery capacity over time. For example, if stored in a cold garage during winter months where the temperature drops below 0°C, the battery's internal resistance may increase, making it more difficult to charge and discharge efficiently. On the other hand, high temperatures above 35°C can accelerate self - discharge and cause damage to the battery's electrodes. In hot climates, if the batteries are stored in an unventilated shed, the excessive heat can cause the electrolyte to evaporate, reducing the battery's performance.

　　Charging State: It is recommended to store Ni - Cd batteries at a partial charge state, around 40% - 60% of their full capacity. Storing them fully charged can lead to over - oxidation of the positive electrode, which degrades the battery's performance over time. Conversely, storing at a very low charge state, close to 0%, can cause the battery to sulfonate, increasing internal resistance. For long - term storage, periodic charging and discharging are necessary. For instance, if the batteries are not used for several months, they should be charged to the recommended partial charge state every 3 - 6 months to maintain their health.

　　Humidity Management: Keep the storage area dry. High humidity can cause corrosion of the battery terminals and external casing. A relative humidity level below 60% is ideal. In humid environments, such as coastal areas, moisture can condense on the battery surfaces, leading to electrical short - circuits and damage to the battery. Using desiccants in the storage container can help absorb excess moisture and protect the batteries.

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