Lithium - iron - phosphate (LiFePO₄) batteries have gained significant attention in recent years due to their remarkable safety, long cycle life, and environmental friendliness. The development of novel - structure LiFePO₄ batteries is a crucial step in further enhancing their performance.

　　One of the innovative structural designs is the use of a three - dimensional (3D) porous electrode structure. In a traditional flat - plate electrode, the ion diffusion path is relatively long, which limits the battery's charge - discharge rate. However, with a 3D porous electrode, the surface area available for ion - electron reactions is significantly increased. This structure allows lithium ions to diffuse more quickly and uniformly, improving the battery's high - rate performance. For instance, in some newly developed 3D - structured LiFePO₄ batteries, the discharge capacity at a high - current rate can be 30% - 50% higher than that of conventional designs.

　　Another novel structure is the core - shell design. By coating the LiFePO₄ particles with a thin layer of conductive materials such as carbon or graphene, the electronic conductivity of the active material can be greatly enhanced. The core - shell structure not only improves the battery's power performance but also stabilizes the electrode - electrolyte interface. This results in better cycling stability. Research has shown that LiFePO₄ batteries with a well - designed core - shell structure can maintain over 90% of their initial capacity after more than 2000 charge - discharge cycles, compared to around 80% for non - core - shell structured ones under the same conditions.

　　In addition, the integration of flexible substrates into LiFePO₄ battery structures has opened up new application possibilities. Flexible LiFePO₄ batteries can be bent, twisted, and even rolled up, making them suitable for use in wearable devices, flexible displays, and other emerging fields. These flexible batteries are often fabricated using thin - film deposition techniques to form a lightweight and flexible battery structure while maintaining the excellent electrochemical properties of LiFePO₄.

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