What are the reasons for the decline in lithium battery capacity?

　　1. The aging and decline of battery materials: This includes the dissolution of positive and negative active substances, phase changes, and electrolyte decomposition, all of which can lead to capacity loss. The formation of interface facial mask and collector corrosion will also affect the cycle life.

　　2. Charging and discharging system: The charging and discharging method, rate, and cut-off conditions all affect the cycle life of the battery. Excessive or insufficient rate and unreasonable cut-off conditions can accelerate the capacity degradation of the battery.

　　3. Temperature: Temperature has a significant impact on the cycle life of lithium batteries. Too high or too low temperature will lead to the decline of battery performance. The loss of active lithium at high temperature and the decomposition and regeneration of negative electrode surface facial mask are one of the main reasons for temperature impact.

　　4. Cell consistency: The consistency of cells in a battery pack also has a significant impact on the cycle life. The differences in materials and manufacturing processes can lead to inconsistent performance parameters of the battery, thereby affecting the service life of the battery pack.

　　5. Lithium deposition: The lithium deposition that occurs on the negative electrode surface is an important cause of aging in lithium-ion batteries and a significant factor affecting battery safety. Lithium deposition can lead to irreversible loss of lithium ion inventory, reducing the available capacity of the battery.

　　6. SEI film growth: SEI film is a passive film formed on the negative electrode surface of lithium-ion batteries. Its growth can cause irreversible capacity loss and affect the rate, lifespan, and safety of the battery.

　　7. Corrosion of current collectors: Corrosion of current collectors can reduce the lifespan and stability of batteries. Copper current collectors are prone to oxidation during excessive discharge, leading to dissolution and increased internal resistance.

　　8. Loss of electrode active material: During the charging and discharging process, the insertion and extraction of lithium ions in the positive and negative electrodes cause a change in the volume of the electrode material, resulting in mechanical stress that may cause particle breakage and loss of active material.

　　9. Electrolyte decomposition: As the number of cycles increases, the electrolyte undergoes certain oxidation or decomposition reactions over time, which weakens its mass transfer ability and causes an increase in battery internal resistance.

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